Shaw was named in Tuchel’s 55-man provisional squad and there had been a clamour for his inclusion.
But, with Newcastle’s Dan Burn and Manchester City’s Nico O’Reilly being called up, Shaw misses out.
Chelsea defender Levi Colwill and AC Milan defender Fikayo Tomori are out, though Arsenal winger Noni Madueke has made the cut.
He joins his Premier League-winning team-mates Bukayo Saka, Declan Rice and Eberechi Eze, who is rewarded for his excellent form with a place in the 26.
Tottenham defender Djed Spence has also made Tuchel’s squad, meaning there is no place for Real Madrid’s Alexander-Arnold, Arsenal’s Myles Lewis-Skelly or Everton’s James Garner.
Spence, 25, suffered a broken jaw in Tottenham’s 2-1 defeat by Chelsea on Tuesday but is expected to wear a protective mask if he plays against Everton in the Premier League on Sunday.
The omissions of Maguire, Tomori and Colwill mean Manchester City defender John Stones has been included, despite his injury-disrupted campaign.
Tuchel views Stones as a key player but has been concerned about the departing Manchester City man’s fitness.
Crystal Palace midfielder Adam Wharton is another to miss out, but Manchester United midfielder Kobbie Mainoo keeps his place in the squad after earning a recall for the previous friendlies.
Brentford midfielder Jordan Henderson, who has been a mainstay under Tuchel, keeps his place.
Bournemouth midfielder Alex Scott, Liverpool winger Rio Ngumoha and Fulham midfielder Josh King will travel with the squad for a training camp in Florida and could play in warm-up matches against New Zealand and Costa Rica.
Brighton’s Jason Steele will be part of the squad as a training goalkeeper throughout the tournament.
The World Cup, which takes place across the US, Mexico and Canada, starts on 11 June.
