To be 100% blunt, if a trading analysis — especially one focused on options — doesn’t mention the concept of baseline versus conditional probabilities, it lacks utility to the point of being worthless. Yes, it’s a strong assertion but the rock-bottom standards in the financial publication industry desperately need to be elevated.
If we’re being intellectually honest, I’m not sure what the rebuttal would be.
Today’s options-focused report is going to be on Nike (NKE). Right now, the Barchart Technical Opinion indicator rates NKE stock as a 56% Sell, with an identified risk that the short-term picture could continue being negative. So, if I’m going to be bullish on NKE stock, don’t you think I need a quantified reason for my optimism?
Let’s look at the sport of baseball. Many of you watched the riveting World Series between the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Toronto Blue Jays. In most of the games, each team’s manager had to make critical personnel decisions. If they replace an arm or a bat, that player can’t come back later in the same game.
As such, managers must conduct Bayesian inferences, determining whether the potential reward of the substituted player exceeds the opportunity cost of keeping the lineup as is. That’s where you have to know the baseline probability (staying put) and the conditional probability (making a change).
It’s utterly irrational for a manager not to know these probabilities; that would be considered malpractice. And yet, in the financial realm, millions of retail traders trade options based on some rando’s opinion about intrinsic value or breakout patterns.
To be brutally candid, analyzing the options market is no replacement for calculating probabilities. While NKE stock represented one of the 500 names on Barchart’s Unusual Stock Options Volume list on Friday — and while options flow does show net trade sentiment at $292,000 — it’s difficult to extract meaning here.
At the end of the day, it’s a derivative market — and individual calls and puts can be traded for a variety of reasons.
At a minimum, every trading-centered analysis must contain the empirical probability, also known as the relative frequency. This is the number of times a specific event has occurred divided by the total number of observations. Further, a truly detailed analysis will feature a price clustering or density statistic; that is, the outcome that occurs most frequently.