Competing interests
K.S. reports receiving personal fees for consulting and advisory roles from Bristol Myers Squibb, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Novartis, Daiichi-Sankyo, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Merck Pharmaceutical, Astellas Pharma, Guardant Health Japan, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Zymeworks Biopharmaceuticals, ALX Oncology, Bayer, GlaxoSmithKline K.K., HEALIOS K.K., Moderna, Arcus Biosciences, AbbVie, CMIC Co., Ltd., Elevation Oncology, Oncolys BioPharma, Sanofi, Suzuhou Lingyhui Network Technology, Gilead Science, eChinaHealth, Leap Therapeutics, Phans Therapeutics, Scandion Oncology and Revolution Medicines; receiving honoraria from Bristol Myers Squibb, Ono Pharmaceutical, Janssen, Eli Lilly, Astellas Pharma and AstraZeneca; and receiving research funding (all to the institution) from Astellas Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Daiichi-Sankyo, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Merck Pharmaceutical, Amgen, Eisai, PRA Health Sciences, Syneos Health, AstraZeneca, PPD-SNBL K.K. TORAY, Incyte Biosciences G.K. and Medpace Japan K. H.S. reports research funding to the institution from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, AbbVie, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Daiichi-Sankyo, Ono Pharmaceutical, Elevation Oncology, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. and Metagen Therapeutics. N.F. is an invited speaker for Novartis, Astellas Pharma and Ibsen; has participated on advisory boards for Astellas Pharma, Esteve, Ipsen, ITM, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme and Merck; has an unpaid leadership role with ESMO NET Faculty, ENETS president elect and SPARC Europe steering committee; and is a local principal investigator, with payment to the institution, for Astellas Pharma, Ipsen, Revolution Medicines, ITM and Merck Sharp & Dohme. S.L. reports personal honoraria as invited speaker from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Incyte, GlaxoSmithKline, Eli Lilly, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pierre Fabre, Roche and Servier and fees for participation on advisory boards for Amgen, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi-Sankyo, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte, Eli Lilly, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Servier, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Rottapharm, BeiGene, Fosum Pharma and Nimbus Therapeutics. K.-W.L. reports research funding to the institution from Astellas Pharma; grants or contracts as research funding to the institution for conducting clinical trials from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Ono Pharmaceutical, Merck KGaA, ALX Oncology, BeiGene, Daiichi-Sankyo, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Bolt Biotherapeutics, Trishula Therapeutics, InventisBio, Leap Therapeutics, MedPacto, Ildong Pharmaceutical, Roche, Amgen, Genome & Company, Arcus Biosciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Exelixis, IgM Biosciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Panolos Bioscience, Metafines, Wellmarker Bio, Medicenna, Erasca, Hanmi, AstraZeneca, Torl Biotherapeutics, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, Yuhan, Avelos Therapeutics, IDRx and Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals; consulting fees from Astellas Pharma, Daiichi-Sankyo, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Ono Pharmaceutical, BeiGene, AbbVie, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Metafines and Pin Therapeutics; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker’s bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Astellas Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Bayer, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Merck KGaA and Celltrion; and participation on a data safety monitoring board or an advisory board for ALX Oncology (uncompensated). L.-Y.B. reports honoraria from Ono Pharmaceutical, Ipsen, the Taiwan Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and TTY Biopharm; has a consulting or advisory role with Amgen and Astellas Pharma; and receives research funding from Eisai. K.Y. reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker’s bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Daiichi-Sankyo, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Bristol Myers Squibb K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Taiho Pharmaceutical, Ono Pharmaceutical, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Merck Biopharm and Astellas Pharma. J.-P.M. reports consulting fees from BeiGene; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker’s bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from BeiGene, Merck Sharp & Dohme and Pierre Fabre Oncology; and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis and BeiGene. G.M. reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker’s bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Terumo and Sirtex; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Amgen, Takeda Pharmaceutical and Servier; and participation on a data safety monitoring board or an advisory board for Roche. D.S. has nothing to disclose. T.-Y.K. reports grants or contracts from AstraZeneca and consulting fees from Boryung and BeiGene. M.M. is an employee of Astellas Pharma. A.S. was an employee of Astellas Pharma at the time of this study. M.Z. is an employee of Astellas Pharma. J.H. is an employee of Astellas Pharma. A.G. is an employee of Astellas Pharma. X.W. is an employee of Astellas Pharma. A.Z. reports consulting fees from Amgen, Merck Serono, Sanofi, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Servier, Astellas Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KG, Pierre Fabre, AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, BeiGene, AbbVie, Gilead Sciences and Jazz Pharmaceuticals; has received support for travel or accommodation from Servier, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pierre Fabre, Amgen, Merck, Jazz Pharmaceuticals and Astellas Pharma; and has received research funding from Amgen. S.J.K. reports consulting fees from Astellas Pharma, Merck, Gilead, BeiGene, I-Mab, Elevation Oncology, AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, Amgen, Eisai, Taiho Oncology and Bristol Myers Squibb; payment or honoraria for Gastric Cancer Lecture in 2023 from Merck; participation on a data safety monitoring board or an advisory board for Sanofi-Aventis; stock options from MBrace Therapeutics (no value, private company); National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines panel member (not compensated); continuing medical education participation for Research to Practice (payment provided to S.J.K.); medical advisory board member for Debbie’s Dream Foundation (not compensated); and medical advisory board member for Hope for Stomach Cancer (not compensated).
