Competing interests
N.W. is supported by the Heart Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship 108288-2024_PDF and Novo Nordisk Cardiometabolic Fellowship. He has received conference support from Bayer and is involved in the study design of a randomized trial with Edwards LifeSciences. M.V. has received research grant support, served on advisory boards or had speaker engagements with Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, American Regent, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer AG, Baxter Healthcare, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cytokinetics, Esperion, Fresenius Medical Care, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Merck, Milestone Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pharmacosmos, Recordati, Relypsa, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi and Tricog Health, and participates on clinical trial committees for studies sponsored by Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Galmed, Novartis, Bayer AG, Occlutech, Pharmacosmos and Impulse Dynamics. M.A.P. reports that he consults for Alexion, AstraZeneca, DalCor Pharmaceuticals, Intellia and Novo Nordisk, and has equity in DalCor Pharmaceuticals. J.P.F. has received research support from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Amgen, Salamandra and Bial. F.Z. reports personal fees from 89Bio, Abbott, Acceleron, Applied Therapeutics, Bayer, Betagenon, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, CVRx, Cambrian, Cardior, Cereno Pharmaceutical, Cellprothera, CEVA, Inventiva, KBP, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Owkin, Otsuka, Roche Diagnostics, Northsea and USa2; having stock options at G3Pharmaceutical and equities at Cereno, Cardiorenal and Eshmoun Clinical Research; and being the founder of Cardiovascular Clinical Trialists. B.P. declares potential COIs in relation to Anacardio, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cereno Scientific, G3 Pharmaceuticals, KBP Biosciences, Lexicon, Prointel, Sarfez Pharmaceuticals, SC Pharmaceuticals, Sea Star Medical, SQ Innovations, Vifor; he has stock options or equities at Anacardio, Cereno Scientific, G3 Pharmaceuticals, KBP Biosciences, Prointel, Safez Pharmaceuticals, SC Pharmaceuticals, Sea Star Medical, SQ Innovations and Vifor. M.P. reports consulting to 89bio, Abbvie, Altimmune, Alnylam, Amarin, Amgen, Ardelyx, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Caladrius, Casana, CSL Behring, Cytokinetics, Imara, Lilly, Medtronic, Moderna, Novartis, Reata, Relypsa and Salamandra K.F.D. reports that his employer, the University of Glasgow, has been remunerated by AstraZeneca for his work on clinical trials; has received speakers’ fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pharmacosmos and Translational Medicine Academy; has served on advisory boards or performed consultancy for Abbott, FIRE-1, Us2.ai and Bayer AG; has served on a Clinical Endpoint Committee for Bayer AG; and has received research grant support (paid to his institution) from AstraZeneca, Roche Diagnostics, Novartis and Boehringer Ingelheim. J.J.V.M. has received consulting fees paid to his institution from Alnylam, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cardialysis, Cardurion, DalCor, GlaxoSmithKline, Ionis, KBP Biosciences, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer and Theracos. S.D.S. has received grants from Celladon, Eidos, Ionis, Lone Star Heart, Mesoblast, National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, and Sanofi Pasteur; has received grants and personal fees from Alnylam, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bellerophon, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cytokinetics, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, MyoKardia, Novartis and Theracos; and has received personal fees from Akros, AoBiome, Arena, Cardiac Dimensions, Cardior, Cardurion, Corvia, Daiichi-Sankyo, Dinaqor, Ironwood, Janssen, Merck, Moderna, Quantum Genomics, Roche, Takeda and Tenaya. The other authors declare no competing interests.
