Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Michael Pavlides, Ferenc E. Mózes, Salma Akhtar, Stephen A. Harrison, Michael Pavlides, Stefan Neubauer, Ferenc E. Mozes, Salma Akhtar, Stephen A. Harrison & Seliat Olodo-Atitebi
Translational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Michael Pavlides, Jeremy F. Cobbold, Michael Pavlides & Jeremy F. Cobbold
Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Michael Pavlides, Jeremy F. Cobbold, Michael Pavlides & Jeremy F. Cobbold
Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Yasaman Vali, Patrick M. Bossuyt, Yasaman Vali, Jenny Lee, Max Nieuwdorp, Athanasios Angelakis & Patrick M. Bossuyt
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
Ferenc E. Mózes & Ferenc E. Mozes
Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Kristy Wonders, Dina Tiniakos, Quentin M. Anstee, Ann Daly, Fiona Oakley, Simon J. Cockell, Dina Tiniakos, Pierre Bedossa, Christopher P. Day, Kristy Wonders, Olivier Govaere, Paolo Missier, Matthew McTeer & Quentin M. Anstee
Newcastle NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Kristy Wonders, Quentin M. Anstee, Ann Daly, Fiona Oakley, Simon J. Cockell, Dina Tiniakos, Kristy Wonders & Quentin M. Anstee
Antaros Medical AB, Mölndal, Sweden
Paul D. Hockings, Moritz J. Schneider, Paul D. Hockings & Moritz J. Schneider
Perspectum Ltd., Oxford, UK
Elizabeth Shumbayawonda, Rajarshi Banerjee, Rajarshi Banerjee, Elizabeth Shumbayawonda, Andrea Dennis & Anneli Andersson
Resoundant Inc., Rochester, MN, USA
Kay Pepin, Michael Kalutkiewicz, Michael Kalutkiewicz & Kay Pepin
Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
Isabel Fernandez-Lizaranzu & Isabel Fernandez-Lizarazu
Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Grupo de Física Interdisciplinar, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
Isabel Fernandez-Lizaranzu & Isabel Fernandez-Lizarazu
Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
Diana Julie Leeming, Morten Karsdal, Morten Karsdal, Diana Julie Leeming & Kishwar Musa
Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
Michael E. D. Allison & Michael E. D. Allison
NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Guruprasad P. Aithal, Guruprasad P. Aithal, Susan Francis & Naaventhan Palaniyappan
Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Guruprasad P. Aithal, Guruprasad P. Aithal, Susan Francis & Naaventhan Palaniyappan
Digestive Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
Manuel Romero-Gomez, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Rocío Gallego-Durán, Rocío Montero-Vallejo, Sheila Gato & Javier Castell
Hepatic and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERehd), Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
Manuel Romero-Gomez, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Rocío Gallego-Durán, Rocío Montero-Vallejo, Sheila Gato & Javier Castell
Department of Gastroenterology, Clinic University Hospital, Medical School, University of Valladolid, CIBERINFEC, Valladolid, Spain
Rocio Aller & Rocio Aller
Liver Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
Juan M. Pericàs, Juan M. Pericàs, Salvador Agustin, Jesús M. Rivera-Esteban, Sergio Muñoz-Martínez, Alba M. Jiménez-Masip, Laura Pagès & Diego Rojo
HIFIH Laboratory, SFR ICAT 4208, Angers University, Angers, France
Jérôme Boursier, Jérôme Boursier, Marc de Saint Loup & Pierre Celea
Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
Jérôme Boursier, Jérôme Boursier, Marc de Saint Loup & Pierre Celea
Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, PROMISE, Palermo, Italy
Salvatore Petta, Salvatore Petta, Grazia Penisi, Rosaria Maria Pipitone, Adele Tulone & Stefania Grimaudo
Department of Internal Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
Jörn M. Schattenberg & Jörn M. Schattenberg
Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Mattias Ekstedt, Mattias Ekstedt & Stergios Kechagias
Department for Visceral Medicine and Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Annalisa Berzigotti, Annalisa Berzigotti, Jean-François Dufour & Naomi F. Lange
Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Annalisa Berzigotti & Annalisa Berzigotti
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Hannele Yki-Järvinen & Kimmo Porthan
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Hannele Yki-Järvinen & Kimmo Porthan
Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
Miljen Martic, Lori Jennings, Miljen Martic, Jurgen Loffler & Douglas Applegate
Digital Sciences and Translational Imaging, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
Theresa Tuthill & Theresa Tuthill
Resolution Therapeutics, London, UK
Clifford A. Brass & Clifford A. Brass
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Richard L. Ehman & Richard L. Ehman
Department of Pathology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Dina Tiniakos & Dina Tiniakos
Genfit S.A., Loos, France
Jeremy Magnanensi & Jeremy Magnanensi
Echosens, Paris, France
Céline Fournier-Poizat, Céline Fournier-Poizat & Anne Llorca
ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, INSERM UMRS 1138 CRC, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
Vlad Ratziu & Vlad Ratziu
Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM UMRS 1138 CRC, Paris, France
Vlad Ratziu & Vlad Ratziu
Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Lake Mary, FL, USA
Carla Yunis & Carla Yunis
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
Elisabetta Bugianesi, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Chiara Rosso, Angelo Armandi & Ricardo Faletti
Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Heather J. Cordell
Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Luke Vale, Yemi Oliboyede & Matt Breckons
Department of Surgery, Spaarne Hospital in Hoofddorp, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Yair Acherman & Arnold van de Laar
Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Adriaan G. Holleboom
INSERM UMRS 1269 Nutriomique, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
Karine Clément, Rafael Patino-Navarrete & Raluca Pais
Department of Pathology, Beaujon hospital, APHP.Nord, Paris, France
Valerie Paradis
Radiology Department, AP-HP.6, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
Mathilde Wagner
University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Maurice Michel, Detlef Schuppan, Sudha Myneni & Rambabu Surabattula
Institute for Pathology, University Medicine Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Beate K. Straub
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
Emrich Tilman
TVPLab, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Toni Vidal-Puig, Sergio Rodrigues-Cuenca, Ioannis Kamzolas, Evangelia Petsalaki, Mark Campbell & Chris J. Lelliott
Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
Susan Davies
Department of Radiology, Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
Edmund Godfrey
Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
Michele Vacca
The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
Michele Vacca
School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Matej Orešič & Aidan McGlinchey
School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Tuulia Hyötyläinen
CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain
Jose M. Mato & Óscar Millet
Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Adrian T. Huber
Translational Medicine Operations Hub, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Dudelange, Luxembourg
Maria Manuela Tonini
Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Caregii Medical Clinic, Firenze, Italy
Fabio Marra
Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
Amalia Gastaldelli & Fabrizia Carli
Università Politecnica delle Marche, Responsabile Struttura Dipartimentale Danno Epatico e Trapianti, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni
Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d’Angers, Angers, France
Christophe Aube
Laboratoire HIFIH UPRES EA3859, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
Christophe Aube
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
Sven M. A. Francque, Wilhelmus J. Kwanten, Luisa Vonghia, An Verrijken & Eveline Dirinck
Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, InflaMed Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
Sven M. A. Francque, Wilhelmus J. Kwanten, Luisa Vonghia, An Verrijken & Eveline Dirinck
Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
Ann Driessen
Department of Radiation Physics, and Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Peter Lundberg
Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Johanna Arola
Center for Molecular Medicine, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Saskia van Mil
First Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens “Laiko”, Athens, Greece
George Papatheodoridis
Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
Helena Cortez-Pinto, Mariana Verdelho Machado & Sofia Carvalhana
Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULIsboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
Cecilia M. P. Rodrigues
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Luca V. C. Valenti
Precision Medicine and Biological Resource Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milano, Italy
Serena Pelusi
Section of Radiology—Di.Bi.Me.F., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Michela Antonucci
Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore and Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Luca Miele, Antonio Liguori & Francesca D’Ambrosio
Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
Andreas Geier, P. D. Monika Rau, Hans Benno Leicht & Florian Reiter
Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, Nottingham, UK
Christopher Bradley
Roger Williams Institute of Liver Studies, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London and King’s College Hospital, London, UK
Philip N. Newsome
College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Philip N. Newsome
iXscient Ltd., London, UK
David Wenn
Intercept Medical Head, Paris, France
Aldo Trylesinski
OWL Metabolomics, Derio, Spain
Rebeca Mayo & Cristina Alonso
Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
Kevin L. Duffin, James W. Perfield, Mark L. Hartman & Yu Chen
Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
Trenton Ross & Barbara Bernardo
Global Access & Value, Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA
Magdalena Alicja Harrington
Pfizer Ltd., Tadworth, UK
Euan McLeod
TA CardioMetabolism Respiratory Medicine, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
Judith Ertle
Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
Ramy Younes & Harvey Coxson
SomaLogic, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA
Joseph Gogain, Hannah R. Biegel, Leigh Alexander & Rachel Ostroff
Clinical Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark
Mette Skalshøi Kjær & Lea Mørch Harder
Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk, Maaloev, Denmark
Sanne S. Veidal
Computational Biomarker Discover Department, DSI, Måløv, Denmark
Naba Al-Sari
Novo Nordisk, Søborg, Denmark
Daniel Guldager Kring Rasmussen
Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
Maria-Magdalena Balp
Regulatory Affairs, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
Richard Torstenson & Daniel Lindén
Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bothell, FL, USA
Gerald Horan
Histoindex, Singapore, Singapore
Gideon Ho, Dean Tai, Elaine Chng & Yayun Ren
Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
Scott D. Patterson & Andrew N. Billin
European Head, Patient-Centered Outcomes Assessment, RTI Health Solutions, Manchester, UK
Lynda C. Doward & James Twiss
Gastrointestinal and Inflammation Therapeutic Area Unit Takeda Development Centers of America, Cambridge, MA, USA
Paresh Thakker & Zoltan Derdak
AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
Henrik Landgren
Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Carolin Lackner
Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Annette S. H. Gouw
Department of Pathology, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
Prodromos Hytiroglou
Department of Radiology, Clinic University Hospital, Medical School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
Rebeca Sigüenza González
Q.M.A. is the nominated representative of the LITMUS Consortium Investigators. M.P., P.M.B. and Q.M.A. conceptualized and designed the study. M.P., Q.M.A., K.W., F.E.M., K.W., S.A., P.D.H., E.S., K.P., I.F.-L., D.J.L., J.C., M.A., G.P.A., M.R.-G., R.A., J.M.P., J.B., S.P., J.M.S., M.E., A.B., H.Y.-J., M. Kalutkiewicz, R.B., R.L.E., M.J.S., D.T., M. Karsdal, J.M., C.F.-P., V.R., E.B., S.A.H. and Q.M.A. assisted in data collection and data analysis. Y.V., P.M.B., K.W. and Q.M.A. accessed and verified the raw data. Y.V. performed data analyses under the supervision of P.M.B. Q.M.A. and M.P. commented on the data analyses initially. M.P., Y.V., P.M.B. and Q.M.A. drafted the paper. All authors critically revised the paper and approved the final version for publication.
