Competing interests
R.G.-C. reports honoraria for speaker engagements, advisory roles or funding of continuous medical education from Astellas, Bayer, BMS, Boehringer, Crinetics, Esteve, GSK, Hutchmed, Ipsen, ITM, MSD, Novartis, Novocure, PharmaMar, Pierre Fabre, Sanofi, Servier and Takeda, and has received research grants from MSD. R.P.C. reports advisory board roles for Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Ipsen, Roche, Servier; invited speaker for Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eisai, Roche, Servier; expert testimony for AstraZeneca and Lilly; travel fees from Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS and Servier; and grants from NextGenerationEU Funding and Horizon Europe Funds. T.M. reports consultant or advisory roles for Amgen, Servier Incyte, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Taiho, Celgene and Eisai; research funding from Celgene, AstraZeneca, BeiGene and Incyte; and being an invited speaker for AstraZeneca, Incyte, Servier Roche and Eisai. B.L. reports speaker, consultant and advisory roles for Jazz Pharmaceuticals and AstraZeneca; research funding from AstraZeneca, Astellas Pharma and Taiho; a principal investigator role for Theriva Biologics; a membership or affiliation with the Spanish Medical Oncology Society, Societat Catalana de Pàncreas, EORTC and TTD. A.N. reports research funding from ReMission. C.G.-P. reports local principal investigator roles for QED Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Panbela, Oncosil, Theriva Biologics, Roche and Ipsen; and training, travel and accommodation fees from General Electrics, AstraZeneca, Oncosil and Roche. A.M. reports consultant or advisory roles for GSK, Pfizer, BMS-Celgene, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, MSD, Lilly, Servier, Roche, Taiho, Leo Pharma, Regeneron and Jazz Pharmaceuticals; research funding from Leo Pharma; speaker’s bureau of Rovi, Menarini, Stada, Medscape, Incyte and Taiho; patents (WO2018215590A1, WO2023017135A1), royalties and other intellectual property related to risk assessment model in venous thromboembolism in cancer patients (genomic risk score) and liquid biopsy developed with laser technology. E.J.K. reports stock and other ownership interests from RomTech; consulting or advisory roles in Relay Therapeutics; speaker’s bureau of Eisai, Pfizer and AstraZeneca; research funding from Merck, EpicentRx, Astellas, Erytech, Fibrogen, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, Eureka Therapeutics, Genentech and GlaxoSmithKline; travel and accommodation expenses from Eisai. T.S. reports advisory board roles for Astellas and Revolution Medicines. M.L.M. reports invited speaker for Servier, Leo Pharma, Incyte, AstraZeneca, PharmaMar, Novartis and Grünenthal; travel, accommodation and expenses from AstraZeneca, Novartis, Ipsen, PharmaMar, Servier, Roche and Leo Pharma. E.M.C. reports consultant or advisory role for BMS, Incyte and AstraZeneca, invited speaker for Beigene, Servier, Roche, Amgen, MSD, BMS, Lilly, Leo Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis, Bayer and Rovi; grant support from Amgen, BMS, MSD and Roche. M. Cazorla, C.N.-P., V.S. and M. Hojouj declare no competing interests. C.L., S.C., M.K. and M.A.S. are former employees of and hold stock and stock options in Theriva Biologics. A.M.B. is an employee of and holds stock and stock options in Theriva Biologics and is an inventor of patents related to oncolytic viral therapy (WO2026042009A1, WO2024062372A1, WO2025062359A1). L.A.R. is an employee of and holds stock options in Theriva Biologics; and is an inventor of patents related to oncolytic viral therapy (WO2015166082A1, WO2026042009A1, EP25383072.3), antigen cross-reactivity (WO2023146978A2) and tracking of vaccine-expanded T cell clones (WO2024073682A2). V.J.W. and C.B. are employees of and hold stock and stock options in Theriva Biologics. M. Cascallo reports a leadership role, employment and intellectual property (WO2003080083A1, WO2007088229A1, WO2008110579A2, WO2010128182A1, WO2018091151A1, WO2024062372A1, WO2026042009A1), and ownership interests in Theriva Biologics. M. Hidalgo reports stock equity ownership and serves as the Chairman of the Advisory Board for Nelum Pharma; serves on the Board of Directors of Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS) and Guardant Health (GH); declares stock and other ownership interests in Champions Oncology and InxMed; receives honoraria from Champions Oncology and Velavigo; has a consulting or advisory role in OncoMatrix and InxMed; has leadership roles at BMS and Guardant Health; and receives paid expenses from BMS and Guardant Health.
